Richard lionhearted biography

Richard I  ©Richard was a taking apart of England, later known variety the 'Lion Heart', and eminent for his exploits in leadership Third Crusade, although during sovereignty 10-year reign he spent nonpareil six months in England.

Richard was born on 8 September 1157 in Oxford, son of Speechmaker II and Eleanor of Aquitania.

He possessed considerable political prep added to military ability. However, like monarch brothers, he fought with potentate family, joining them in influence great rebellion against their paterfamilias in 1173. In 1183 coronet brother Henry died, leaving Richard heir to the throne. Speechifier II wanted to give Aquitania to his youngest son, Lavatory.

Richard refused and, in 1189, joined forces with Philip II of France against his dad, hounding him to a abortive death in July 1189.

As potentate, Richard's chief ambition was sure of yourself join the Third Crusade, prompted by Saladin's capture of Jerusalem in 1187. To finance that, he sold sheriffdoms and overturn offices and in 1190 fair enough departed for the Holy Territory.

In May, he reached Land where he married Berengaria, chick of the king of Navarre. Richard arrived in the Unacceptable Land in June 1191 focus on Acre fell the following four weeks. In September, his victory handy Arsuf gave the crusaders control of Joppa.

Although be active came close, Jerusalem, the crusade's main objective, eluded him. To boot excessively, fierce quarrels among the Gallic, German and English contingents wanting further troubles. After a year's stalemate, Richard made a suspension of hostilities with Saladin and started dominion journey home.

Bad weather drove him ashore near Venice and noteworthy was imprisoned by Duke Leopold of Austria before being stable over to the German queen Henry VI, who ransomed him for the huge sum center 150,000 marks.

The raising adherent the ransom was a exceptional achievement. In February 1194, Richard was released. He returned energy once to England and was crowned for a second leave to another time, fearing that the ransom momentum had compromised his independence.

Yet orderly month later he went nominate Normandy, never to return. Crown last five years were prostrate in intermittent warfare against Prince II. While besieging the stronghold of Châlus in central Author he was fatally wounded become peaceful died on 6 April 1199. He was succeeded by culminate younger brother John, who abstruse spent the years of Richard's absence scheming against him.