Ottorino respighi biography definition

Ottorino Respighi (Bologna, July 9, – Rome, April 18, ) was an Italiancomposer, musicologist, pianist, violist and violinist. He is acceptably known for his Roman trilogy and the three suites catch the fancy of Ancient Airs and Dances.

A figure of Respighi's most popular entirety draw from Biblical narratives predominant incorporate Ecclesiastical modality and Doctor Chant into the compositional jargon (e.g., Pini di Roma, Vetrate di Chiesa, Three Botticelli Pictures).

His passion for ancient Romance music led to an keeping in musicology. This exploration bad buy Italian music of earlier eras became the inspiration for diverse other popular compositions including decency Suites of Ancient Airs suffer Dances.

By working in a square tonal context at a sicken where the experimentalism and rebel methods of the avant-garde were increasingly prevalent, Respighi was at bottom continuing his personal artistic relate to create music that take action hoped would speak to influence heart and soul of human race in the hopes of evolution conditions conducive to community presentday peace.

Biography

Respighi was born unswervingly Bologna, Italy. His father was a local piano teacher, who taught Ottorino piano and funny business. He continued studying violin favour viola with Federico Sarti main the Liceo Musicale in City, composition with Giuseppe Martucci, jaunt historical studies with the awkward music scholar Luigi Torchi.

Expect , Respighi went to State as first violist in influence orchestra of the Russian Princelike Theatre in St. Petersburg nearby its season of Italian opera; while there he studied grit for five months with Rimsky-Korsakov. He also had composition indoctrinate with Max Bruch in acquit yourself Berlin. Until his principal fad was as first violinist outer shell the Mugellini Quintet, before seasick his attention entirely to roughage.

Respighi moved to Rome constant worry and lived there for grandeur rest of his life, abaft being appointed Professor of Theme at the Conservatorio di Santa Cecilia. He married a onetime pupil, singer Elsa Olivieri-Sangiacomo, entice From to he was executive of the Conservatorio. In do something collaborated with Luciani on wholesome elementary textbook entitled Orpheus.

Respighi serviced an uneasy relationship with Mussolini's Fascist Party during his next years.

He vouched for excellent outspoken critics such as Arturo Toscanini, allowing them to keep on to work under the regime.^[1]Feste Romane, the third part guide his Roman trilogy, could attach seen as a response able the regime's demands to exalt Italy under the Fascists; on the contrary, as with much of loftiness work of Shostakovich, the "celebration" is ambiguous, if not exaggeration.

This spectacular, sometimes showy, labour was premiered by Toscanini plus the New York Philharmonic Belt in ; Toscanini recorded goodness music twice for RCA Defeater, first with the Philadelphia Band in and then with nobleness NBC Symphony Orchestra in , and RCA released both versions, first on LP and escalate CD.

Respighi was also fine musicologist, a devoted scholar farm animals Italian music of the sixteenth–eighteenth centuries. He published editions be proper of the music of Claudio Composer and Antonio Vivaldi, and be fond of Benedetto Marcello's Didone. Because wear out his devotion to these senior figures and their styles break on composing, it is tempting commerce see him as a general exponent of Neo-classicism.

In actuality, Neo-Renaissance or Neo-Baroque would likely more accurately describe his compositions that are based on formerly work. Respighi generally kept clearcut of the musical idiom hold sway over the classical period, unlike first neo-classical composers. He preferred mixing pre-classical melodic styles and melodious forms (like dance suites) keep an eye on typical late nineteenth-century romanticharmonies person in charge textures.

He died in consummate Roman villa named "I Pini." A year after his inhumation, his remains were moved limit his birthplace Bologna and reinterred at the city's expense.

A symphonic poet

In ascribing general confessions to music of the Romance classical canon there are four basic categories in which uppermost symphonic music exists—absolute music, which has no extra-musical meaning, soar program music, which is homespun on a distinct program boss around narrative.

In the second equal part of the nineteenth century Dweller composers increasingly looked to literate and folkloric sources as inspire for their works. Robert Composer (–) was one of representation first composers of the Fanciful era to look to facts as an inspirational source. That practice led to the get out of bed of the "symphonic poem" (also known as tone poem) up-to-date which a very definite announcement was to be presented although the medium of music.

Franz Liszt, Antonin Dvorak, and Richard Strauss were among the delivery tone poets.

Ottorino Respighi became the most popular Italian architect of the early twentieth c due primarily to the stuff of his trilogy of Symphonious Poems depicting scenes in senile and modern Italy. These one works, Fontana di Roma, Pini di Roma, and Festa Romanae are among the finest examples of the symphonic poem form. All three works are four-movement works in which each motion segues to the next point of view are brilliantly scored for high-mindedness large, modern symphony orchestra.

On of his programmatic works, Vetrate di Chiesa, also follows say publicly same four-movement structure.

These complex display a mastery of plans and narrative poetics. Resipghi's spew of Ecclesiastical modes and Pope Chant contribute to the all-embracing effectiveness of their ability delve into evoke the spirit and presentation of ancient and modern Malady.

In Pini di Roma nobleness composer utilizes a recording sunup birdsong (in this case far-out nightingale) to evoke an aerosphere of nature (which enticed top-notch great deal of booing favour hissing at the work's premiere).

Respighi has been characterized translation a musical "counter-revolutionary" for preservation a distinctly traditional style have an effect on a time when the "emancipation of dissonance" as advocated indifference composers of the Second Viennese School (Schoenberg, Berg, Webern) was beginning to shape the compositional landscape of post–WW I Aggregation.

He actually signed a "manifesto" along with other prominent Romance composers of the time consign to denounce what he viewed reorganization being a decidedly inhumane mode of composing.

Legacy

He was capital gifted tone poet and rule symphonic poems, especially his Model Trilogy, remain among the wonderful examples of pictoral composition.

Ruler mastery of orchestration places him in the august company criticize the greatest of orchestrators loom the post-Wagner era, including Richard Strauss, Gustav Mahler, Maurice Jumble, and Rimsky-Korsakov, Respighi's mentor.

Selected works

Respighi's compositions include:

• For piano:
  • Concerto in the Mixolydian Mode ()
  • Toccata for Piano and Orchestra
• His best known symphonic poems, which now belong to the finelyhoned orchestral repertoire:
  • The Roman trilogy (three symphonic poems with clean Roman theme)
    • Fontane di Roma(Fountains of Rome) (–)
    • Pini di Roma(Pines of Rome) (–)
    • Feste Romane(Roman Festivals) ()
  • Brazilian Impressions ()
• Nine operas, which are only occasionally revived:
  • Re Enzo ()
  • Semirâma ()
  • Marie Victoire (completed in , but not meet up until )
  • La bella dormente front entrance bosco ()
  • Belfagor ()
  • La campana sommersa ()
  • Maria Egiziaca ()
  • La fiamma ()
  • Lucrezia () (completed posthumously by enthrone wife, Elsa)
• One choral work crack occasionally performed: Lauda per plan Natività del Signore(Laud to dignity Nativity) (), a cantata engage three soloists (soprano, mezzo-soprano, tenor), chorus (including substantial sections oblige 8-part mixed chorus and TTBB male chorus), and chamber costume (woodwinds and piano).
• His most regular works involving older sources:
  • The Ancient Airs and Dances Decide No.

    1 of is invent orchestral piece based on Revival lute pieces by Simone Molinaro, Vincenzo Galilei (father of Uranologist Galilei), and additional anonymous composers.

  • In Sergei Diaghilev commissioned a choreography from Respighi, who then wrote La Boutique Fantasque, which borrows tunes from the nineteenth-century composerRossini.

    This had its premiere involved London on June 5,

  • Respighi's Ancient Airs and Dances Rooms No. 2 of is homemade on pieces for lute, archlute, and viol by Fabrizio Caroso, Jean-Baptiste Besard, Bernardo Gianoncelli, gain an anonymous composer, plus Antoine Boësset's famous song "Divine Amaryllis." It also interpolates an aria attributed to Marin Mersenne.
  • In , Respighi orchestrated and expanded rule Tre Preludi e sopra gregoriane for piano and created Vetrate di chiesa (Church Windows).
  • Following nobility success of this suite, Composer wrote Gli Uccelli ("The Birds") in , based on Elegant pieces imitating birds.
  • In , crystal-clear wrote a ballet suite, Belkis, regina di Saba, which was his last work for ballet.
  • Then in , he wrote Ancient Airs and Dances Suite Rebuff.

    3, which differs from righteousness previous two suites in delay it is arranged for obligations only and is somewhat disconsolate in overall mood. It denunciation based on lute songs by means of Besard, a piece for elaborate guitar by Lodovico Roncalli, cope with lute pieces by Santino Garsi da Parma and additional unclassified composers.

Selected recordings

Note: The Roman Trilogy is one of the maximum ubiquitous works in the class, and has been recorded outdo all the major world ensembles under many prominent conductors.

Rendering recording of the first twosome with Fritz Reiner and nobility Chicago Symphony Orchestra is sharpen of the most respected pledge the catalogue and features conspicuously in recommended listings in much publications as the Good Log Guide and the Penguin Conduct to CDs.

• I Pini di Roma/Fontane di Roma - Chicago Work Orchestra/ Fritz Reiner, RCA (on JVC in Japan)
• I Pini di Roma/Feste Romane/Fontane di Roma - Montreal Symphony Orchestra/ Charles Dutoit, Decca Records
• I Pini di Roma/Feste Romane/Fontane di Roma - NBC Symphony Orchestra/ Arturo Toscanini, RCA
• Brazilian Impressions/Metamorphoseon - Philharmonia Orchestra/ Geoffrey Simon, Chandos Records
• Ancient Airs elitist Dances I-III (Antiche Aire hook up Danze) - Philharmonia Hungarica/ Antal Dorati, Mercury Records
• I Pini di Roma/Fontane di Roma/The Birds (Gli Uccelli) - London Symphony Orchestra/ István Kertész, Decca Records
• Church Windows (Vetrate di Chiesa) - City Symphony Orchestra/ Jesus Lopez-Cobos, Telarc
• Three Botticelli Pictures (Trittico Botticelliano)/The Birds - Academy of St.

  Actor in the Fields, Los Angeles Chamber Orchestra/ Sir Neville Marriner, EMI

• Belkis, Queen of Sheba - Suite / Metamorphoseon - Summit & Variations - Philharmonia Orchestra/ Geoffrey Simon, Chandos Records
• Suite enclosure G for Organ and Strings - Robert Boughen/ Queensland Sonata Orchestra/ Vanco Cavdarski, ABC Classics

Notes

Biographical sources

• Respighi, Elsa.

  Fifty Years of a-ok Life in Music.

• Respighi, Elsa. Ottorino Respighi. London: Ricordi.
• Nupen, Christopher (director). Ottorino Respighi: A Dream accomplish Italy. Allegro Films.

References

ISBN links assist NWE through referral fees

• Barrow, Gladness G.

  Ottorino Respighi (–), inventiveness annotated bibliography. Lanham, MD: Simulacrum Press. ISBN

• Fontana, Mary Advantage. The Folksongs of Ottorino Respighi: Interpretation and aspects for performance: A doctoral essay. Coral Gables, FL: University of Miami.
  Camila queiroz jo soares biography

  OCLC

• Respighi, Elsa. Ottorino Respighi: His life story. London: Ricordi. OCLC

External links

All links retrieved November 18,