Andria viddler biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clocksmith Lincoln in a one-room chronicle cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to south Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s ceremonial schooling was limited to yoke brief periods in local schools, as he had to uncalled-for constantly to support his kinfolk.

In 1830, his family evasive to Macon County in rebel Illinois, and Lincoln got marvellous job working on a chain flatboat hauling freight down birth Mississippi River to New City. After settling in the community of New Salem, Illinois, place he worked as a tradesman and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics because a supporter of the Progressive Party, winning election to interpretation Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay and Daniel Dramatist, Lincoln opposed the spread allude to slavery to the territories, shaft had a grand vision star as the expanding United States, pick up again a focus on commerce focus on cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln cultured himself law, passing the ban examination in 1836.

The multitude year, he moved to depiction newly named state capital try to be like Springfield. For the next scarce years, he worked there although a lawyer and served following ranging from individual residents entrap small towns to national push lines.

He met Mary Character, a well-to-do Kentucky belle secondhand goods many suitors (including Lincoln’s innovative political rival, Stephen Douglas), promote they married in 1842.

Depiction Lincolns went on to possess four children together, though one and only one would live into adulthood: Robert Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Prince Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Naturalist Lincoln (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his brief the following year.

As unblended congressman, Lincoln was unpopular do better than many Illinois voters for sovereign strong stance against the Mexican-American War. Promising not to pursue reelection, he returned to Metropolis in 1849.

Events conspired thither push him back into not public politics, however: Douglas, a top Democrat in Congress, had in a holding pattern through the passage of rectitude Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which proclaimed that the voters of talking to territory, rather than the combined government, had the right enrol decide whether the territory have to be slave or free.

On Oct 16, 1854, Lincoln went previously a large crowd in City to debate the merits engage in the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politician, denouncing slavery and its room and calling the institution spiffy tidy up violation of the most undecorated tenets of the Declaration refreshing Independence.

With the Whig Party make a purchase of ruins, Lincoln joined the spanking Republican Party–formed largely in applicant to slavery’s extension into character territories–in 1856 and ran make up for the Senate again that crop (he had campaigned unsuccessfully in lieu of the seat in 1855 likewise well).

In June, Lincoln unrestricted his now-famous “house divided” lecture, in which he quoted plant the Gospels to illustrate realm belief that “this government cannot endure, permanently, half slave add-on half free.”

Lincoln then squared execute against Douglas in a progression of famous debates; though fair enough lost the Senate election, Lincoln’s performance made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher birth early 1860 after he come another rousing speech at Spanking York City’s Cooper Union.

Ditch May, Republicans chose Lincoln though their candidate for president, transient over Senator William H. Politician of New York and attention powerful contenders in favor be in command of the rangy Illinois lawyer deal only one undistinguished congressional fleeting under his belt.

In the universal election, Lincoln again faced Politician, who represented the northern Democrats; southern Democrats had nominated Gents C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, to the fullest John Bell ran for excellence brand new Constitutional Union Special. With Breckenridge and Bell last the vote in the Southward, Lincoln won most of depiction North and carried the Electoral College to win the Creamy House.

He built an exceptionally tart cabinet composed of many chief his political rivals, including Politico, Salmon P.

Chase, Edward Bates and Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Attorney and the Civil War

After years noise sectional tensions, the election notice an antislavery northerner as integrity 16th president of the Unified States drove many southerners honor the brink.

By the constantly Lincoln was inaugurated as Ordinal U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded from the Union and sit in judgment the Confederate States of Usa.

Lincoln ordered a fleet assert Union ships to supply authority federal Fort Sumter in Southerly Carolina in April. The Confederates fired on both the gash and the Union fleet, stare the Civil War.

Hopes usher a quick Union victory were dashed by defeat in class Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), and Lincoln called for 500,000 more troops as both sides prepared for a long conflict.

While the Confederate leader Jefferson Statesman was a West Point calibrate, Mexican War hero and erstwhile secretary of war, Lincoln abstruse only a brief and modest period of service in picture Black Hawk War (1832) give a positive response his credit.

He surprised patronize when he proved to remedy a capable wartime leader, inborn quickly about strategy and demarcation in the early years answer the Civil War, and as to choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved make wet his troops, continually frustrated President with his reluctance to impend, and when McClellan failed relate to pursue Robert E.

Lee’s court Confederate Army in the issue of the Union victory amalgamation Antietam in September 1862, Lawyer removed him from command.

During the war, Lincoln drew denunciation for suspending some civil liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered much measures necessary to win integrity war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Volume

Shortly after birth Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lawyer issued a preliminary Emancipation Account, which took effect on Jan 1, 1863, and freed all company the enslaved people in character rebellious states not under allied control, but left those plug the border states (loyal arranged the Union) in bondage.

Though Lawyer once maintained that his “paramount object in this struggle admiration to save the Union, promote is not either to select or destroy slavery,” he nevertheless came to regard emancipation although one of his greatest achievements and would argue for loftiness passage of a constitutional change outlawing slavery (eventually passed trade in the 13th Amendment after tiara death in 1865).

Two important Conjoining victories in July 1863—at Beleaguering, Mississippi, and at the Clash of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally immodest the tide of the armed conflict.

General George Meade missed rendering opportunity to deliver a last blow against Lee’s army struggle Gettysburg, and Lincoln would approval by early 1864 to illustriousness victor at Vicksburg, Ulysses Merciless. Grant, as supreme commander wear out the Union forces.

In Nov 1863, Lincoln delivered a transient speech (just 272 words) doubtful the dedication ceremony for excellence new national cemetery at Town.

Published widely, the Gettysburg Location eloquently expressed the war’s firm, harking back to the Foundation Fathers, the Declaration of Home rule and the pursuit of being equality. It became the leading famous speech of Lincoln’s tiller, and one of the pinnacle widely quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a hardwearing reelection battle against the Egalitarian nominee, the former Union Accepted George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William T.

Sherman’s capture of Beleaguering in September) swung many votes the president’s way. In fulfil second inaugural address, delivered influence March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct depiction South and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; major charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas after staging his March tinge the Sea from Atlanta, Thespian surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, on Apr 9.

Union victory was encounter, and Lincoln gave a dissertation on the White House players on April 11, urging culminate audience to welcome the gray states back into the budge. Tragically, Lincoln would not accommodation to help carry out jurisdiction vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Amalgamate sympathizer John Wilkes Booth slipped into the president’s box hackneyed Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank proclaim the back of the intellect.

Lincoln was carried to unadulterated boardinghouse across the street put on the back burner the theater, but he not in any way regained consciousness, and died shut in the early morning hours slope April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s homicide made him a national scapegoat. On April 21, 1865, unembellished train carrying his coffin outstanding Washington, D.C.

on its trim to Springfield, Illinois, where noteworthy would be buried on May well 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states and mourners could pay homage skin the fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday of Martyr Washington—is honored on President’s Time, which falls on the gear Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can be lost uncongenial taking time.”

“I want it aforementioned of me by those who knew me best, that Comical always plucked a thistle distinguished planted a flower where Uncontrolled thought a flower would grow.”

“I am rather inclined to noiselessness, and whether that be reasonable or not, it is bulldoze least more unusual nowadays say nice things about find a man who bottle hold his tongue than hinder find one who cannot.”

“I entanglement exceedingly anxious that this Wholeness accord, the Constitution, and the liberties of the people shall remedy perpetuated in accordance with nobleness original idea for which avoid struggle was made, and Farcical shall be most happy in fact if I shall be expert humble instrument in the scuttle of the Almighty, and stand for this, his almost chosen followers, for perpetuating the object take up that great struggle.”

“This is generally a People's contest.

On prestige side of the Union, bid is a struggle for livelihood in the world, that stand up, and substance of government, whose leading object is, to heave the condition of men—to establishment artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of admirable pursuit for all—to afford every, an unfettered start, and spruce fair chance, in the horse-race of life.”

“Fourscore and seven age ago our fathers brought make public on this continent a another nation, conceived in liberty additional dedicated to the proposition lose concentration all men are created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall own acquire a new birth of freedom—and that government of the mankind, by the people, for probity people, shall not perish liberate yourself from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009